Minutes of the 27 January 2002 Meeting

[Note: These submissions appear on the Sep 2002 LoAR; Stephen de Montfort's device change was pended to the April 2003 LoAR]

Notes and Announcements

The meeting began on time at 11 AM. It's a miracle! Future heraldry meetings are scheduled for February 24, Mach 24, April 14, and May 19.

The college treasurer moved that the treasurer be directed to officially change the names of signatories on the bank paperwork to Marion Alter, Mark Wroth and Thomas Eastman. Seconded by Dolphin. The motion passes with no dissent.

We have a new Crescent. Dietmar von Straubing assumed the office at 12th Night. Thank you to Master Madawc for his years of hard work. No major changes are expected because the Caid College of Heralds is healthy and moving in the right direction. However, there is more work than one person can handle, so Crescent would like to split the duties among two or three senior deputies. (Deputies already do many tasks, but Crescent would like to see a clear delineation of responsibilities.) If you have questions or opinions regarding how to divide jobs within the College, please contact Crescent.

All heralds are encouraged to attend meetings. Territorial heralds are very strongly encouraged to attend. If you know heralds who are not attending on a regular basis, prod them a little bit. (Naturally, our overseas cousins are exempt, but they should still be in regular contact with the College.)

After six or more years of hosting the monthly heraldry meetings, Eirikr and Astridhr would like to have their house back. The College is therefore looking for a new home. If you are interested in hosting the meetings, please talk to Crescent. You are welcome to ask Eirikr and/or Crescent what hosting the meetings entails.

Their Majesties would like the Captain and Lieutenants of the Queen's Guard to be recognized as field titles for the duration of Their reign. Please ask your local keeper of the lists to make this notation on their list cards.

There will be a consultation table at Estrella and heralds of all skill levels are welcome to participate. This is a great way to gain valuable hands on experience in heraldic consultation and meet heralds from around the known world at the same time. Heralds Point will be open for a set number of hours per day. If you plan on bringing books you should mark them to indicate ownership. On Friday night, Heralds Point will become party point. The point will be closed to consultation, but all heralds are welcome to bring food and drinks to share. Heralds will trade many heraldic horror stories and bad puns. Consider yourself forewarned.

There will also be a consultation table at Collegium March 2-3. All heralds are welcome to help with consultation when not attending classes. Eridana Ambre will be teaching newcomers how to choose a name and device. Jeanne Marie Sommelier will be teaching how to check for conflict. James Furison will be teaching regional style. Eirikr Golden Phoenix will be teaching a class for territorial heralds. All territorial heralds are required to take the class that Eirikr is teaching, so if you haven't yet, please do.

An updated version of the Caidan Order of Precedence is available for download at http://www.sca-caid.org/herald/index.html.

Draft precedents for Elspeth and Francois are available at http://home.earthlink.net/~mranc. Francois' precedents are current through the 10/01 LoAR.

All heralds at every skill level should be familiar with the Rules for Submission http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/regs.html. If you haven't looked at them lately, it would be a good idea to read them again. The same can be said for the Caid Heralds Handbook. Laurel recommends that all commenting heralds read the Administrative Handbook. Many common questions dealing with submissions and appeals can be answered there.

Laurel also recommends that commenting heralds read the LoARs. Crescent extends that recommendation to all heralds. It is not enough to read the Cover Letter or compiled precedents. A lot can be learned about how the rules are applied, but many decisions are not considered important enough to make their way into the Cover Letter or collected precedents.

It has long been the policy of the Caidan CoH that all submissions must go through the submitter's territorial herald. The only exception is submissions from Kingdom consultation tables. The submitter always has the option of sending submissions directly to Crescent, but this should be a last resort when the territorial herald is not performing his duties.

Heralds are encouraged to e-mail summaries of submissions to Jeanne Marie () prior to each CoH meeting. Alternatively, copies of the submissions may be faxed to her at (phone # suppressed; email for number).

Results from the September and October LoARs were read, as were several miscellaneous precedents from these LoARs. Some questions were raised in the Cover Letters, and the College of Arms is soliciting comments. If anyone is interested in commenting on these issues, Jeanne Marie is willing to forward your comments with her commentary packet. The February LoC packet will go out around Feb. 20th.

al-Sahid, Shire of

Saher de Wahull (New Device)

Or, three crescents gules

Name:

The submitter's name appears on Caid's Jan. 6, 2002 LoI.

Device:

This is beautiful, simple armory. Unfortunately, it was not checked for conflict against Papworth's Ordinary of British Armorials at the meeting. Upon perusing Papworth, Crescent discovered that this nice armory also belonged to the Baron of Wahall, or Wodall, temp. Edward I. As this name is variously spelled Wodhulle, Wahulle, Wahull, et al., there is a chance that the armory will be returned for violating R.f.S. XI. 2. Presumptuous Armory - Charge and Name Combination: "Armory that asserts a strong claim of identity in the context of the submitters name is considered presumptuous." The combination of these arms with any variation of the Wahull name gives the appearance that the submitter is claiming to be the Baron, but these arms are not protected in the SCA Ordinary, so we will forward it and see what happens.

DEVICE APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Altavia, Barony of

Kolfinna k{o,}ttr (New Alternate Name for Ciana Masina della Luna)

Name:

The submitter is interested in a feminine name authentic name for Viking-era Norse (c.1000 AD). If the name must be changed, she is interested in the meaning "cat".

Kolfinna is feminine given name found on p. 12 of Geirr Bassi.

k{o,}ttr is found on p. 25 of Geirr Bassi as an epithet meaning "cat".

NAME APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Ciana Masina della Luna (New Badge)

[Fieldless] A natural tiger sejant affronty argent marked sable

Name:

The submitter's name was registered Jan '00. This badge is to be associated with the primary persona, not the alternate name submitted above.

BADGE APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Geneviève de Chauvigny (New Name and Device)

Argent, a griffin purpure armed Or, on a chief sable a fleur-de-lys Or

Name:

The submitter is interested in a feminine name authentic for 14th C. French. If her name must be changed, she cares most about the sound.

Geneviève is a feminine given name, found in "An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris" by Colm Dubh (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/paris.html). It is also given as a heading on pp. 127-128 of Withycombe, as the name of the patron saint of Paris, born c.422 at Nanterre. In addition, it is found on p. 286 in Dauzat Noms de Famille as the common spelling of "Sainte Genovefa", the patron saint of the city of Paris.

Chauvigny is a town in France dating from at least the 12th century, when its cathedral was built, according to information from the town's website, (http://www.chauvigny.cg86.fr). It is found under the heading Chauvigné on p. 120 in Dauzat Noms de Famille, where the submitted spelling is attested to be a toponymic used in Normandie, etc., as well as the name of an "anc. fief". It is also shown under the heading Calviac on p. 134 of Dauzat Noms de Lieux, which lists the forms Calumniacum, [= Calvinniacum], 1175-84; cant. Vienne (de Calviniaco, 1004-1018).

NAME AND DEVICE APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Helgi hrafnfæðir (Name Change from Snorri hrafnfæðir)

Name:

The submitter's current name, Snorri hrafnfæðir, was registered Jan. '01. He wishes to change the given name and leave the byname unchanged. He is interested in a masculine name, and if it must be changed, he cares most about the language/culture (Old Norse). If this submission passes, the old name is to be released.

Helgi is found on p.11 of Geirr Bassi. It is also the name of a primary character in three poems in the Codex Regius (per Hollander, photocopies attached).

hrafnfæðir is grandfathered to the submitter.

NAME APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Helgi hrafnfæðir (Kingdom Resub Device Change)

Sable, a roundel within two pallets couped between two ravens respectant Or

Device:

The submitter's current device, Argent, a quill pen and a sword in saltire gules, on a chief embattled sable a compass star Or, was registered in Dec. '98 and is currently associated with the name Snorri hrafnfæðir, which is submitted as a name change above. If this submission passes, he wishes the old device to be released. His previous submission, Sable, on a sun between in fess two spears Or, a raven guardant sable, was returned in July 2000 for conflict. This is a complete redesign.

The new submission has three different types of charge (pallets, roundel, and ravens) in the same primary charge group, which has long been reason for return.

DEVICE RETURNED FOR SLOT MACHINE HERALDRY

Angels, Barony of

Rannveig upplending R{ø¯}riksdóttir (New Name and Device)

Argent, a horse statant erect sable, on a chief rayonny azure five escarbuncles argent

Name:

The submitter is interested in a feminine name. If the name must be changed, she is most interested in the sound, but will not allow major changes.

The overall form is classic Old Norse: given - epithet - patronymic. Included is a letter describing the construction from Eirikr Golden Phoenix.

Rannveig is found as a feminine given name on p. 14 of Geirr Bassi and as a heading in Lind col. 847.

upplending is based on the example upplendingr found as an epithet on p. 29 in Geirr Bassi. As discussed on p. 19 of Geirr Bassi, the epithet changes from strong masculine to strong feminine by dropping the terminal -r.

R{ø¯}riksdóttir is a feminine patronymic based on R{ø¯}rik, an East Norse form found in Gesta Danorum, probably dating to the latter half of the 12th C. and describing kings who lived earlier. As quoted in Taylor: "Th{a¯} war R{ø¯}rik Slængeberr allæ Rake, hans øn, Konungh" (18/24) ('Then was Rørik..., his son king'). This is in a section describing genealogy. A few lines later we find "Æfthær Rørik Rake war W{i¯}ghl{e¯}k, hans søn, king" (18/94) ('After Rørik Rake was W{i¯}ghl{e¯}k, his son king). Note the absence of the accent on ø in the second occurrence.

The formation of the genitive is not clear, so we have opted for the most common form by appending -s.

Device:

The front and hind legs of the horse should be approximately the same size. The muzzle should be of a size appropriate to the size of the horse. The horse would be easier to identify if the tail were drawn raised but this is not a requirement. The rayonny should be drawn more clearly rayonny. The escarbuncles need to be fed; they are not large enough to be identifiable. This was not checked for conflict.

NAME APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL
DEVICE RETURNED FOR REDRAW

Calafia, Barony of

Aleyn More (New Name and Device)

Per pale vert and argent, a weeping willow counterchanged

Name:

The submitter desires a masculine name, cares most about the sound of the name and allows all changes.

Aleyn is found as a masculine given name under the heading Al(l)an, Allen on pp. 7-8 of Withycombe and dated in the desired spelling to c.1440.

More is found under the heading Moor, Moore, et al. on p. 313 of R&W, where it is dated to 1086 as William de More. As a given name, More Kalendrer is dated to 1332, which would also justify an unmarked patronymic. Webster's Biographical Dictionary also contains entries for Thomas More, b. 1478, and Anthony More, b. 1512 on page 1051.

Device:

The device should be clear of Wolfgang von Valkonberg (08/79?) Per pale vert and argent, a blasted tree atop a mount counterchanged with a CD for removing the mount and another for the difference between a tree and a tree blasted. The most recent precedent states "While precedent has been mixed, by the precedent set on the February 1998 LoAR (p. 4, s.v. Wolfgang Schwarzwald) there is a CD between a tree and a tree blasted. [Geneviève de Carcassonne, 07/01, A-Atlantia]"

The submitted form is not a standard size. The shield on the form is noticeably smaller than the one on the standard form. In addition, no line drawings were included with the submission. Therefore, it must be returned.

NAME APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL
DEVICE WITHDRAWN BY THE SUBMITTING HERALD

Edward Blosseville de Monreale (New Device)

Argent, a fess sable between three fleurs-de-lys azure

Name:

Name registered Nov. '98.

Device:

This is only one CD away from the mundane arms of Warwick: Arg. a fess betw. three fleurs-de-lis az. and Bayldon, Evans, et al.: Arg. a fess betw. three fleurs-de-lis sa. However, neither of these is protected.

DEVICE APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Eoin Blackwolf the Wanderer (Kingdom Resub Name)

Name:

The submitter wishes a masculine name and allows all changes. The previous name submission, Eoin Blackwolf, was returned in Oct. '01 for conflict with John Blackwolf.

Eoin is found as an undated Irish form of John under the heading Sean on p. 264 in Withycombe. Eoin is also a heading on p. 88 of ÓC&M, which says, "Amongst the forms in use in the thirteenth century are Ioan and Eoan."

Blackwolf is a locative based on an inn sign. Colm Dubh's article in the Proceedings of the 1988 KWHS has multiple listings for color+animal inn signs, including the Blewbore 1601, Alexander Grayhorse 1485, Whitharte c.1600, le Whighthorse 1518, and Alicia Whitlanbe 1379. Other listings have color+animal as two words.

Wanderer is found on p. 3679 of the OED, which dates this spelling to 1460 and 1540 with meaning "person or thing that wanders". Laurel has deemed this byname to be SCA compatible, "No evidence has been found that the bynames the Wanderer or the Traveler were used in English in period. However, they are both SCA compatible. [Mihrimah the Traveler, 10/01, R-Ansteorra, returned for two weirdnesses]" Unfortunately, the use of an SCA compatible name is a weirdness, as is the mixture of Gaelic and English; therefore we must return this.

NAME RETURNED FOR NON-PERIOD STYLE

Gerhard Goosen (Kingdom Resub Device)

Quarterly argent and sable, a Latin cross clechy between in base two geese rousant respectant all counterchanged

Name:

This name was submitted on the Dec. 01, 2001 Caid LoI.

Device:

The device was returned for redraw at that time to enlarge the ends of the cross along with a recommendation to "draw the geese rousant". The submitter has done so.

We note that this depiction of rousant is the same as in the Pic Dic under swan. This device is clear of Etienne de Bracieux, 99/01: Quarterly argent and sable, a cross moline quarter pierced counterchanged with a CD for changing the type of cross and the addition of the geese as secondaries. In addition, this is clear of Dafydd Blaidd, 06/98: Quarterly argent and sable, a cross counterchanged with a CD for type of cross and another for the addition of the geese as secondaries.

DEVICE APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Darach, Shire of

Brian Mor O'Brian (New Name and Device)

Ermine, a brown bear statant erect proper sustaining bendwise sinister an oak tree eradicated vert, fructed Or

Name:

The submitter is interested in a masculine name, and if the name must be changed, he cares most about the language/culture (11th-13th C. Irish). The submitter wishes the spelling of his surname to match that of his wife, Elynor O'Brian, submitted below. The name as a whole is the anglicized form of Brian Mór Ó Briain, meaning "Big Brian, descendant of Brian".

Brian is a given name popular in Ireland and England in the Middle Ages. Withycombe dates this spelling to 1273 as a heading on p. 53. Brian is found as a heading on p. 103 in Black which dates Brian fitz Alan to 1296.

Mor is an anglicized form of the Irish Gaelic descriptive byname Mór, meaning "big", taken from an example in "Quick and Easy Gaelic Names" by Sharon Krossa (http://www.medievalscotland.org/scotnames/quickgaelicbynames/#descriptivebyname). Under the heading Moor, Moore, et al. on p.313 of R&W can be found the English nickname le Mor, dated to 1332.

O'Brian is an anglicized form of the Irish Gaelic patronymic Ó Briainr. R&W give this spelling as an undated heading on p. 327. Since Withycombe cites Brian as a period anglicized form, it is reasonable that the spelling O'Brian is likewise period.

Device:

The device is clear of Alyson of Islay 07/74: Per bend Or and vert a koala rampant guardant maintaining a branch of eucalyptus proper with a CD for the changes of field and another CD for the sustained tree vs. a maintained branch.

NAME AND DEVICE APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Elynor O'Brian (New Name and Device)

Argent, three reremice sable

Name:

The submitter is interested in a feminine name. If the name must be changed she cares most about an unspecified language/culture, but she will allow no changes. The submitter wishes her spelling to match that of her husband, Brian Mor O'Brian, submitted above.

Elynor is a constructed variant of the feminine English given name Eleanor, which is found as a heading on pp. 96-97 of Withycombe. Dated spellings include Elianora 1303 and Elyenora 1273, which show the letter Y being substituted for I. The name Elinor, dated to 1604, becomes Elynor using the above switch from I to Y. Under the heading Ellenor, Ellinor on p. 153 of R&W, the patronymic forms Richard Elyanor 1327 and Richard Elynoreson 1375 are given. The submitted form Elynor is a reasonable extrapolation of these documented forms. Each of the variants listed here is also found in Talan Gwynek's article "Feminine Given Names in a Dictionary of English Surnames" (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/reaneyAG.html). Talan also includes the pairs Elisant - Elysant, and Elizabeth - Elyzabeth, which also show the substitution of Y for I.

O'Brian is an anglicized form of the Irish Gaelic patronymic Ó Briain. R&W give this spelling as an undated heading on p. 327. Since Withycombe cites Brian as a period anglicized form, it is reasonable that the spelling O'Brian is likewise period.

Device:

The submitter wants "bats" on her device, but we have followed Da'ud's example and blazoned them as "reremice".

Regarding the creature blazoned a 'bat' in the LoI, the Fool of Arms said it best, in Motley Heraldry: You may say to bats in a belfry 'You're bats.' They won't mind, 'cause they are; But you mustn't say 'Bats' to the ones in shields - You'd better be silent by far; For the bat in a shield is a reremouse (You may call him a flittermouse, too) And if you say 'Bats' to the reremice proud They'll answer, 'And bats to you!' " (LoAR 3/91 p.3).

We gladly bow to the College's wisdom in this regard.

NAME AND DEVICE APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Dreiburgen, Barony of

Taliesin de Morlet (Laurel Resub Badge)

Ermine, on a cross formy fitchy throughout azure a rose argent

Name:

The submitter's name was registered Jun. '93.

Device:

His previous submission, Azure, a sun within an orle argent was returned by Laurel in Mar. '01 for conflict. This is a complete redesign.

BADGE APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Dun Or, Barony of

Birgir inn blakki (Name Change from Charles O'Malley, New Device)

Gules, three Thor's hammers argent

Name:

The submitter's current name was registered Sep. '98. He will not allow major changes and wishes his current name to be released should this name pass.

Birgir is found as a masculine given name on p. 8 of Geirr Bassi.

inn blakki is found as an epithet meaning "pale, ashen, gray" on p. 20 of Geirr Bassi.

NAME AND DEVICE APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Gyldenholt, Barony of

Dietmar von Straubing (Name Change from Dietmar Reinhart von Straubing)

Name:

The submitter's current name was registered May '94. All elements of the new name are grandfathered to the submitter. If the new name is registered, he would like to keep the old name as an alternate.

Dietmar is a heading on p. 86 of Bahlow's DNL, which dates the desired spelling to a 12th C. minnesinger, Dietmar von Aist.

According to its entry on p. 463 in the Encyclopaedia Britannica, Straubing is a German town in Lower Bavarian believed to be identical to the Roman station of Sorbiodurum. It's oldest building is the tall square clock tower dating from 1208. From 1353 to 1425 it was the seat of the ducal line of Bavaria-Straubing.

NAME CHANGE APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Stephen de Montfort of Huntington (Device Change)

Gules, a bend cotised Or

Name:

The submitter's name was forwarded to Laurel on the Sep. 22, 2001 Caid LoI.

Device:

Gules, a bend cotised argent between a fleur-de-lys and an escallop Or.

DEVICE APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Heatherwyne, Shire of

Brian McRay (New Name)

Name:

The submitter is interested in a masculine name authentic for 1300-1400 Scots. The submitted form originally asked for an authentic Gaelic name. After consultation with the submitter, he changed that to Scots. If the name must be changed, the submitter cares most about the sound and language/culture. He specifically notes "Please make any changes to make name authentic."

Brian is found as a heading on p. 103 in Black which dates Brian fitz Alan to 1296. Withycombe dates this spelling to 1273 as a heading on p. 53.

McRay is found under the heading Macrae on p. 560 in Black with dated examples Dugall McRay 1476 and Patrick M'Ray 1376.

NAME APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Linnet de Hynkersul (New Name)

Name:

The submitter is interested in a feminine name authentic for 1300-1400 "Norman". If the name must be changed she is most interested in the sound, and she will not allow major changes.

Linnet is found as a heading on p 197 in Withycombe, which lists Linnet as the medieval French form of the Welsh Eluned.

de Hynkersul is found under the heading Ingersoll on p. 248 of R&W with Roger de Hynkersul dated to 1321.

NAME APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Lyondemere, Barony of

Gerhard von Regensburg (Laurel Resub Name Change from Gerhard of Nordvald)

Name:

The submitter's current name was registered Jul. '94. Laurel returned his previous submission, which is identical to this, in Sep. '01 because "No forms were received". The submitter wants a masculine name, and will not allow any changes. He wishes to release both of his old names Derek of Nordvald and Gerhard of Nordvald.

Gerhard is a heading dated to 1250 on p. 166 of Bahlow's DNL.

Regensberg is a city in Germany found on p. 1566 of CLG, with chapels and abbey dating to the 7th C. It is also found as an undated heading on p. 388 of Bahlow's DGN. Brechenmacher, v. 2, p. 384, also includes the adjectival forms Regensburger: Conr. Regenspurger 1322 and Felix Regensburger 1414. Though it counts for not with regards to documentation, Crescent has been to the city on a number of occassions and has photographic evidence of its medieval past.

NAME APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Gilbert Rhys MacLachlan (Laurel Resub Administrative Action: Request for Reblazon)

Azure, two chevronels argent, overall a Latin cross fleury counterchanged, all within a bordure dovetailed argent

Device:

Laurel returned this request on the Sep. '01 LoAR, stating:

The Administrative Handbook mandates that an error in blazon which requires correction via a Letter of Intent must also include an emblazon in the Letter of Intent. The Letter of Intent did not provide such an emblazon in the Letter of Intent, although a copy of the old form with the emblazon was provided in the package to Wreath. This is therefore being returned for lack of necessary paperwork.

As stated on the May 11th, 2001 Caid LoI:

In 12/89, the submitter's device was registered with the blazon Azure, two chevronels argent, overall a cross fleury counterchanged, all within a bordure dovetailed argent. The submitter requests that it be blazoned Azure, two chevronels argent, overall a Latin cross fleury counterchanged, all within a bordure dovetailed argent. Since the emblazon provided with his original submission does in fact show the lower arm of the cross elongated the Caidan College supports this request.

REQUEST FOR REBLAZON SENT TO LAUREL

Ginevra da Cunha (Laurel Resub Device)

Per chevron azure and argent, a chevron gules between two goblets argent and a ship azure

Name:

The submitter's name was registered Nov. '00.

Device:

Her previous design, Per chevron throughout azure and argent, two chalices and a ship counterchanged was returned on the Mar. '01 LoAR for conflict with Laurenz aus Waldum: Per chevron azure and argent, two chalices argent and a cluster of grapes, slipped and leaved, proper and Aelfhaelen Dracasið: Per chevron ployé azure and argent, two chalices argent issuing wildflowers Or and a chalice issuing wildflowers azure. The addition of the chevron clears both of these conflicts.

DEVICE APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Jamal Damien Marcus (Administrative: Request for Reblazon)

Per bend azure and argent, an eagle striking to sinister Or and a Lebanon cedar proper

Name:

The submitter's name and this device were registered in Dec. '89.

Device:

Originally blazoned as Per bend azure and argent, an eagle rising, wings elevated and addorsed, Or and a Lebanon cedar proper, the blazon was corrected in Apr. 91 to Per bend azure and argent, an eagle rising to sinister, wings elevated and addorsed, Or and a Lebanon cedar proper. The submitter requests that the eagle be blazoned as "striking". He states:

It is my understanding that the eagles in my arms should have been described as "striking," and as I use a striking eagle on items of heraldic display, I'd prefer the blazon in the Armorial of the Society changed to match.

The included emblazon is traced from the original form dated 10 Sept., 1989. Early precedent from the tenure of Baldwin of Erebor states there is no difference between rising and striking:

Striking, like stooping, appears to be unique to SCA armory. Our birds striking are, in fact, indistinguishable heraldically from birds rising, wings elevated and addorsed, and there's a strong argument for abandoning our expression in favor of the mundane one. [BoE, cvr ltr, 12 Jul 86, p.3]

When I described the position common to most of the birds "striking" I found in the files, Lady Kiriel said this sounded reasonable, so I have decided to adopt this as the standard definition: rising, wings elevated and addorsed, talons extended. For purposes of difference, striking is indistinguishable from rising. [BoE, cvr ltr, 25 Aug 86, p. 3]

I have decided to retain the term ["striking"] whenever feasible, in existing blazons, and to substitute it (when appropriate) for birds that have been blazoned incorrectly as stooping. My general policy has been to apply the term only when it is exactly appropriate, and to use "rising" in all other cases (Such as when the wing position has been changed). [BoE, cvr ltr, 25 Aug 86, p.3]

The submitter's eagle is "rising, wings elevated and addorsed," and thus it meets the definition of "striking". While it may have been Baldwin's intention to discontinue its use, the term striking is still used, as is shown by recent registrations: Conall Ó Cearnaigh 01/00 Vert, a hawk striking within a bordure embattled Or, Robert of Altavia 03/00 Per bend sinister vert and sable, a falcon striking and maintaining by the blade a rapier between three fleurs-de-lys Or, and Timmeke Haakonson of Nordheim 01/01 Gules, a falcon striking Or in sinister chief a mullet argent. There appears to be no reason why the submitter cannot have the desired term striking.

REQUEST FOR REBLAZON FORWARDED TO LAUREL WITH THE SUPPORT OF CAID COLLEGE OF HERALDS

Johanna von Nürnberg (New Name and Device)

Bendy argent semy of roses sable and gules

Name:

The submitter will not allow major changes. If the name must be changed, she cares most about the meaning and language/culture. She lists the meaning as "Johanna from Nürnberg" and language and/or culture as "Germany. Persona is not yet time specific. Just pre-1600."

Johanna is a heading on p. 177 of Withycombe which states "Johanna was the usual medieval Latin form of Joan."

The submitter provides the following documentation:

Johanna is found under the heading "Kortrijk 1391-1428" on the website "Vlaarmse Vrouwennamen" (http://www.adamastor.za.org/heraldry/names/vlaamse.htm). This site claims that, "These tables have been taken directly from the book Vlaamse Vrouwennamen en Hollandse Naamgeving in de Middeleeuwen, by O. Leys and J. van der Schaar, Appendix III."

Johanna is also listed under "Feminine Names" in the website article "Dutch Names 1358-1361" by Aryanhwy merch Catmael (http://www.sit.wisc.edu/~sfriedemann/names/earlydutch14.htm).

Johanna is also found under "Feminine Names" in the website article "Dutch Names 1393-96" by Aryanhwy merch Catmael (http://www.sit.wisc.edu/~sfriedemann/names/dutch14.htm).

The last two websites assert that "The source for these names is De rekeningen van de grafelijkheid van Holland uit de Beirse periode, deel: 1358-61 [or 1393-96]."

Johanna is listed under "Women's Given Names" on Gerry and Julie's Landsknecht Site, Renaissance German Names, (http://sd.znet.com/~savaskan/germans/names.html). This website, which is far from scholarly, claims that "The following names were found in references to people living in 16th century Germany."

Nürnberg is found on p. 5 of Headlam, which states "Be that as it may, the history of our town begins in the year 1050," and "That [the castle] existed then we know, for Henry III. dated a document from here in 1050, summoning a council of Bavarian nobles 'in fundo suo Nourinberc'." It is also found in What Life was Like in Europe's Golden Age from the Editors of Time Life Books. No publication date or page number is anywhere apparent, but the photocopy provided by the submitter states: "Nürnberg was an ideal location for a young man with artistic talent, for it was at the center of European commerce and culture in the 15th and early 16th centuries." And "He continued his travels until 1494, when he was called home by his father to wed the daughter of a well-to-do Nürnberg craftsman."

Nürnberg is also found on p. 1356 of CLG under the entry Nuremberg, where the submitted spelling is attested to be the German form of the name. CLG also states that "Nuremberg is 1st mentioned in 1050".

Device:

We were unable to think of an elegant way to emblazon these arms, and have given the simplest form we could devise.

NAME AND DEVICE APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Naevehjem, Barony of

Angus Storm (Name Change from Angus Sturmisbroke)

Name:

Angus Sturmisbroke was registered Sep. '01 with the comment:

Submitted as Angus Stormsbrooke, there was some question about the plausibility of the byname Stormsbrooke, since Storm was documented only as a hypothetical given name. Reaney and Wilson (p. 433 s.n. Sturmey) dates Sturmi to temp. Henry II as a masculine given name. As such, a placename of Sturmisbroke is reasonable.

The submitter is not happy with the registered spelling. The submitter will permit minor, but not major changes to register the name.

Angus is a masculine given name found as a heading on p. 25 of Withycombe, and dated as the name of a 9th C. Saint. It is also heading on p. 23 in Black with dated examples Angus, son of Somerled c.1150 and Angus mac Dunec' c.1204-1211.

Storm is found as a heading on p. 430 of R&W. Dated examples include William, John Storm 1206, 1297. It is also a heading on p. 751 of Black, which states "A rare current surname recorded in Nairn. Thomas Storme occupied the tack of Dowalye in 1507." Black also states "Recorded in English Hundred Rolls, 1273, and Harrison gives it as a personal name."

NAME CHANGE APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Rasha bint Badr (Laurel Resub Name)

Name:

Laurel returned her previous submission, Rasha al-Badr, in Sep. '01 for improper construction of the byname. The return noted:

This name could have been registered as Rasha bint Badr using Badr as her father's given name. However, changing the byname from 'the moon' to 'daughter of [a man whose name happens to mean 'moon']' is a major change. Since the submitter did not allow major changes, we must return this submission.

Rasha is a feminine given name found on p. 311 of Ahmed.

bint is a patronymic particle meaning "daughter (of)"

Badr is a masculine given name (here used as a patronymic) found on p. 23 of the article "Arabian Names and Naming Practices" by Da'ud ibn Auda.

Obviously, the submitter is taking Laurel's advice and changing the name as recommended.

NAME APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Nordwache, Barony of

Jamie Finnleoch (Kingdom Resub Device)

Sable, in pale a lizard passant and an anchor Or winged argent

Name:

The submitter's name was forwarded on the September 22, 2001 Caid LoI.

Device:

The submission forms were not complete. We need complete address information from the submitter. As we have a heavy workload at this meeting, it is being returned for the submitter to complete the paperwork.

DEVICE RETURNED FOR INCOMPLETE PAPERWORK

Starkhafn, Barony of

Starkhafn, Barony of (New Order Name: Order of the Fiðri of Starkhafn)

Name:

The Baron (as submitter), seneschal, and herald of the barony signed the forms. They are interested in having a name authentic for Norse before 1000 but will not allow major changes. If the name must be changed, they care most about the desired meaning "feather". The Barony explicitly states that they will accept translation of "Order of the" into Norse if necessary for registration.

An entry for fiðri is found on p. 136 of Zoëga with the meaning "feathers, plummage". Submitted as Order of the Fjaer of Starkhafn, the name was changed to Order of the Fiðri of Starkhafn to match the documented form with the approval of the baronial herald.

NAME APPROVED AS CHANGED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Starkhafn, Barony of (New Order Name: Order of the Frøken of Starkhafn)

Name:

The Baron (as submitter), seneschal, and herald of the barony signed the forms. They are interested in having a name authentic for Norse before 1000 but will not allow major changes. If the name must be changed, they care most about the desired meaning "teacher". The Barony explicitly states that they will accept translation of "Order of the" into Norse if necessary for registration. We were unable to document the desired meaning.

ORDER NAME WITHDRAWN BY THE SUBMITTING HERALD

Starkhafn, Barony of (New Order Name: Order of the H{oe}verska of Starkhafn)

Name:

The Baron (as submitter), seneschal, and herald of the barony signed the forms. They are interested in having a name authentic for Norse before 1000 but will not allow major changes. If the name must be changed, they care most about the desired meaning "courtesy". The Barony explicitly states that they will accept translation of "Order of the" into Norse if necessary for registration.

An entry for h{oe}everska is found on p. 222 of Zoëga with the meaning "courtesy, good manners". The name was changed with the approval of the Barony. Submitted as Order of the Hoflighet of Starkhafn, the name was changed to Order of H{oe}verska of Starkhafn to match the documented form with the approval of the baronial herald.

The article "Period Order Names" by Kwellend-Njal Kollskeggsson on p. 48 in the proceedings of the June '01 KWHS lists "Order of Fidelity" as existing in Lorraine in 1416. This supports the formation of an order name based on a virtue.

NAME APPROVED AS CHANGED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Starkhafn, Barony of (New Order Name: Order of the Steinn of Starkhafn)

Name:

The Baron (as submitter), seneschal, and herald of the barony signed the forms. They are interested in having a name authentic for Norse before 1000 but will not allow major changes. If the name must be changed, they care most about the desired meaning "stone". The Barony explicitly states that they will accept translation of "Order of the" into Norse if necessary for registration.

An entry for steinn is found on p. 406 of Zoëga with the meaning "stone". Submitted as Order of the Stein of Starkhafn, this was changed to Order of the Steinn of Starkhafn to match the documented form with the approval of the baronial herald.

NAME APPROVED AS CHANGED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Starkhafn, Barony of (New Order Name: Order of the Stjarna of Starkhafn)

Name:

The Baron (as submitter), seneschal, and herald of the barony signed the forms. They are interested in having a name authentic for Norse before 1000 but will not allow major changes. If the name must be changed, they care most about the desired meaning "star". The Barony explicitly states that they will accept translation of "Order of the" into Norse if necessary for registration.

An entry for stjarna is found on p. 408 of Zoëga with the meaning "star". Geirr Bassi also lists stjarna on p. 28 as a byname meaning "star". Submitted as Order of the Stjerne of Starkhafn, this was changed to Order of the Stjarna of Starkhafn to match the documented form with the approval of the baronial herald.

We believe there is sufficient aural difference to avoid conflict between stjarna and Star Herald (Ansteorra; reg. 06/80) and the Order of the Star, an important non-SCA order (France; reg. 08/87).

NAME APPROVED AS CHANGED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Starkhafn Barony of (New Order Name: Order of the Ulv's Tann of Starkhafn)

Name:

The Baron (as submitter), seneschal, and herald of the barony signed the forms. They are interested in having a name authentic for Norse before 1000 but will not allow major changes. If the name must be changed, they care most about the desired meaning "wolf's tooth". The Barony explicitly states that they will accept translation of "Order of the" into Norse if necessary for registration.

This order name is in aural conflict with Ulfstein Hall, a household name registered to Balin Ulfstein 12/92. "Hall" and "Order of the" are both designators and therefore do not contribute to difference. Adding the locative "of Starkhafn" does not contribute to difference.

ORDER NAME RETURNED FOR CONFLICT

Alessandra Madelena Dominici (New Name)

Name:

The submitter wants a feminine name, and if the name must be changed she cares most about the language/culture (1500's, Florentine Italy). Submitted as Alessandra Madellena Dominici, the second l in Madelena was dropped to match the documented spelling.

Alessandra is listed in "Feminine Given Names from the Online Catasto of Florence of 1427" by Arval Benicouer (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/arval/catasto) where it is said to appear three times. It is also found, undated, under the heading Alessandro on pp. 53-54 of de Felice's Nomi.

Madelena is cited from "Italian Renaissance Women's Names" by Rhian Lyth of Blackmoor Vale (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/italian.html). Submitted as Madellena, the desired spelling is not found in the article, so it was changed to the documented spelling Madelena.

Domenico appears in "Italian Names from Florence, 1427" by Ferrante laVolpe (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/ferrante/catasto) where it is given as the 9th most common name in the patronymic field of the Online Catasto of Florence. The article "4300 Citizens of Pisa Swear to Maintain the Alliance with Siena, Pistoia and Poggibonsi" (http://library.byu.edu/~rdh/eurodocs/italia/pisani.html), which is linked from the Academy of St. Gabriel library, includes one Bartalomeus Domenichi (group 46, number 28). The online Catholic Encylopedia lists a Blessed Giovanni Dominici, Cardinal, statesman and writer, born at Florence in 1356; died at Buda on 10 July, 1420. However, his family name was Banchini or Bacchini (http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05112a.htm). Dominic is also found undated under the heading Domenico on p. 114 of de Felice's Cognomi.

NAME APPROVED AS CHANGED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Caiterína an bràthadair (Kingdom Resub Name)

Name:

Caiterína is found on p. 45 of ÓC&M, which says the name "was well-established among the Irish aristocracy by the fifteenth century." Submitted as Caiterina, the accent was added to match the documented form.

an is the Gaelic form of the article "the".

Brathadair is found on p. 48 of Maclennan, as a word meaning "knave".

NAME APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Esteban el Rojo (New Name)

Name:

The submitter allows all changes, wants a 16th C. Spanish name, and is most concerned with the meaning "Stephen the Red".

Esteban is found in the article "16th-century Spanish Men's Names", by Elspeth Ann Roth (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/spanish-m.html).

el Rojo found on p. 4 of Elspeth Ann Roth's paper titled "16th Century Spanish Names" given at Pennsic XXVI.

Submitted as Estefan el Roje, we were unable to document the desired spelling Estefan, so we have substituted the documented form. Likewise, unable to document roje, we have substituted the attested form el Rojo.

NAME APPROVED AS CHANGED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Fatimah al-Zarga' al-Rakkasa (Kingdom Resub Name)

Name:

The submitter wants a feminine name authentic for Arabic culture. She will not allow major changes and if the name must be changed, she cares most about the meaning (which is unstated). Her previous submission, Fatinah Sameera al-Zarqa' Alimah, was returned by Crescent Nov. '01 for improper name formation. The name submitted this time is one of those recommended on the return.

Fatimah is a feminine given name which appears in "Arabic Naming Practices And Period Names List" by Da'ud ibn Auda (http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/arabic-naming.html).

al-Zarqa' is a feminine cognomen meaning "the blue-eyed" which appears in the same source.

al-Rakkasa is found on the June 2001 LoAR under Acceptances for the East, which shows:

Shajar al-Rakkasa. Name (see PENDS for device).

Submitted as Shajar the Dancer, she requested an authentic Arabic name. We have therefore translated the epithet to Arabic.

The construction is also justified from Da'ud's article, which says:

Arabic naming practices fall into seven general categories. Persons are often named:

1. By an 'ism, a single personal name, as Muhammad (Mohammed), Musa (Moses), Ibrahim (Abraham), Hasan, Ahmad. Adults are seldom called by their given names; socially it is considered a slight to use the first name of an elder or parent.

5. By a nickname of harmless signification. "Harmless signification" of this sort was often meant to avert the evil eye or the unwanted attention of jinn ("genies") and other evil spirits.

6. By an occupational hisba, derived from a person's trade or profession, e.g., Muhammad al-Hallaj [Mohammed the dresser of cotton].

These various general rules can be, and often were, combined in the name of single individual, sometimes to an almost excessive degree...

The submitted pattern of ('ism)+(nickname of harmless signification)+(occuational hisba) would appear to be acceptable.

NAME APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Michele da Pietramala (New Name and Device)

Purpure, a hammer argent between two pallets sable fimbriated argent

Name:

The submitter wants a masculine name authentic for Italian.

Michele is listed in "Men's names from Florence, 1427" by Ferrante laVolpe (http://www.s-gabriel.org/names/ferrante/catasto/names.txt) here it is said to appear 169 times in the Online Catasto of 1427. It is also a heading on p. 262 of de Felice's Nomi. Finally, it is dated to 1427 in Rhian Lyth's article "Italian Personal Names" found on p. 109 in the proceedings of the KWHS Caid, AS XXIV.

da is a locative preposition meaning "of".

Pietramala is documented from an Italian website (http://members.xoom.it/_XOOM/pietramala/html/chiesa_di_s._lorenzo.html) [see web minister note below], which states "Già dal 1220 esisteva a Pietramala una chiesa come si legge dal Reppetti". CLG lists a Pietramelara on p. 1471 as an undated Italian city, but we were unable to find the desired name. There is no reason to discount the Italian website's asserted spelling for the name of their own city.
Web minister note: The "La Chiesa di S. Lorenzo in Pietramala" page on XOOM is gone, but there is a cached version on Google.

NAME AND DEVICE APPROVED AND SENT TO LAUREL

Bibliography

Ahmed, Salahuddin. A Dictionary of Muslim Names. New York: New York University Press, 1994.

Bahlow, Hans. Deutschlands geographisches Namenwelt. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp Verlag. Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, 1985. [DGN]

Bahlow, Hans. Dictionary of German Names. translated by Edda Gentry, University of Wisconsin, Madison: Max Kade Institute for German-American Studies, 1967, English version: 1993. [DNL]

Black, George F. The Surnames of Scotland: Their Origin, Meaning, and History. New York: The New York Public Library, 1946. Ninth printing, 1989.

Bruce Draconarius of Mistholme and Akagawa Yoshio. A Pictorial Dictionary of Heraldry as Used in the Society for Creative Anachronism. privately published, 1988. [PicDic]

Colm Dubh. "An Index to the Given Names in the 1292 Census of Paris." Proceedings of the Known World Heraldic Symposium 1996. SCA: Montgomery, Alabama; WWW: SCA, Inc., 1997.
(http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/names/paris.html)

Colm Dubh. "English Inn & Tavern Names of the Middle Ages." Proceedings of the Known World Heraldic Symposium 1998. SCA, Inc., 1998.

Da'ud ibn Auda. "Arabic Names and Naming Practices." Proceedings of the Known World Heraldic Symposium 1993. SCA, Inc., 1993.

Dauzat, A. Dictionnaire Étymologique des Noms de Famille et Prénoms de France. Paris: Librairie Larousse, 1987. Reviewed and augmented by Marie-Thérèse Morlet.

Dauzat, Albert and Rostaing, Ch. Dictionnaire Étymologique des Noms de Lieux de la France. 2nd ed. Paris: Librairie Larousse, 1963. Guénégaud, Paris.

De Felice, E. Dizionario dei Cognomi Italiani. 4th ed. Arnoldo Mondadori Editore. Milan, 1986.

De Felice, E. Dizionario dei Nomi Italiani. Arnoldo Mondadori Editore. Milan, 1986.

Geirr Bassi Haraldsson. The Old Norse Name. Olney, MD: Studia Marklandica, 1977.

Headlam, Cecil. The Story of Nuremberg. London: J.M. Dent & Sons, Ltd., 1911.

Hollander, Lee M., trans. The Poetic Edda. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1962.

Lind, E.H. Norsk-Isländska Personbinamn från Medeltiden. Uppsala: 1920-21.

Maclennan, Malcolm. A Pronouncing and Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language. Aberdeen: ACAIR and Aberdeen University Press,

1984.Neilson, W. A., ed. Webster's Biographical Dictionary. Springfield, MA: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1951.

Ó Corráin, Donnchadh, and Maguire, Fidelma. Irish Names. Dublin: The Lilliput Press, 1990. [ÓC&M]

Papworth, J.W. and Morant, A. W. Papworth's Ordinary of British Armorials. 1874. London: Heraldry Today, reprint ed. 1985.

Reaney, P. H., and Wilson, R. M. A Dictionary of English Surnames Oxford: Oxford University Press, 3rd ed. 1995. [R&W]

Seltzer, L. E., ed. The Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World. Morningside Heights, NY: Columbia University Press, 1952. [CLG]

Talan Gwynek. "Feminine Given Names in A Dictionary of English Surnames" Known World Heraldic Symposium Proceedings 1994, Free Trumpet Press West, 1994.
(http://www.sca.org/heraldry/laurel/reaneyAG.html)

Taylor, A.R. An Introduction to Old Norse. 1927. Oxford: Clarendon Press, reprint ed. 1983.

Withycombe, E. G. The Oxford Dictionary of English Christian Names. Oxford: Oxford University Press 3rd ed. 1977.

Zoëga, G. T. A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 1981.

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